Monero
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigationJump to search
This article is about the cryptocurrency. For other uses, see Monero (disambiguation).
Monero
Monero-Logo.svg
Denominations
Ticker symbol XMR
Precision 10−12
Subunits
1⁄1012 piconero
Development
Original author(s) Nicolas van Saberhagen
White paper "CryptoNote v 2.0"
Initial release 18 April 2014 (6 years ago)
Latest release 0.17.1.7 / 15 December 2020 (43 days ago)
Code repository github.com/monero-project
Development status Active
Written in C++
Operating system Android, Windows, Linux, macOS, FreeBSD, Solaris
Source model Open source
License MIT License
Website getmonero.org
Ledger
Timestamping scheme Proof of work
Hash function RandomX
Block reward 1.26 XMR
Block time 2 minutes
Block explorer xmrchain.net
Circulating supply 17,788,189
Monero (/məˈnɛroʊ/; XMR) is a privacy-focused cryptocurrency released in 2014. It is an open-source protocol based on CryptoNote. It uses an obfuscated public ledger, meaning anyone can send or broadcast transactions, but no outside observer can tell the source, amount, or destination. A proof of work mechanism is used to issue new coins and incentivize miners to secure the network and validate transactions.
Monero uses different privacy-enhancing technologies to achieve anonymity and fungibility. It has attracted users desiring privacy measures that are not provided in more popular cryptocurrencies. However, it has also gained publicity for illicit use in darknet markets.
Contents
1 History
2 Privacy features
2.1 Ring signatures
2.2 Stealth addresses
2.3 Bulletproofs
2.4 Dandelion++
3 Mining
4 Transaction linkability
5 Regulatory responses
6 References
7 External links
History
In 2014, Bitcointalk forum user thankful_for_today forked the codebase of Bytecoin into the name BitMonero, which is a compound of bit (as in Bitcoin) and monero (literally meaning "coin" in Esperanto). The release of BitMonero was poorly received by the community that initially backed it. Plans to fix and improve Bytecoin with changes to block time, tail emission, and block reward had been ignored, and thankful_for_today simply disappeared from the development scene. A group of users led by Johnny Mnemonic decided that the community should take over the project, and five days later they did while also changing the name to Monero.
Due to its privacy features, Monero experienced rapid growth in market capitalization and transaction volume during 2016, much more than any other cryptocurrency that year. This growth was driven by its uptake in the darknet market, where people used it to buy stolen credit cards, guns, and drugs. Two major darknet markets were shut down in July 2017 by law enforcement. From the beginning, Monero has been used by people holding other cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin to break the link between transactions, with the other cryptocoins first converted to Monero, then after some delay converted back and sent to an address unrelated to those used before.
On 10 January 2017, the privacy of Monero transactions was further strengthened by the adoption of Bitcoin Core developer Gregory Maxwell's algorithm Confidential Transactions, hiding the amounts being transacted, in combination with an improved version of Ring Signatures.
After many online payment platforms shut down access for white nationalists following the Unite the Right rally in 2017, some of them, including Christopher Cantwell and Andrew Auernheimer ("weev"), started using and promoting Monero.
The operators behind the May 2017 global ransomware incident WannaCry converted their proceeds into Monero. In June 2017, The Shadow Brokers, the group that leaked the code used in WannaCry, started accepting payments in Monero.
Malicious hackers have previously embedded Monero mining code into websites and apps seeking profit for themselves. In late 2017, malware and antivirus service providers blocked a JavaScript implementation of Monero miner Coinhive that was embedded in websites and apps, in some cases by hackers. Coinhive generated the script as an alternative to advertisements; a website or app could embed it, and use website visitor's CPU to mine the cryptocurrency while the visitor is consuming the content of the webpage, with the site or app owner getting a percentage of the mined coins. Some websites and apps did this without informing visitors, and some hackers implemented it in way that drained visitors' CPUs. As a result, the script was blocked by companies offering ad blocking subscription lists, antivirus services, and antimalware services.
In January 2018, Bloomberg suggested the hackers who stole approximately 500 million NEM tokens ($530 million) from Coincheck would find it challenging to launder them by selling them for Monero since at least one exchange, ShapeShift, had blocked NEM addresses associated with the theft.
In the first half of 2018, Monero was used in 44% of cryptocurrency ransomware attacks.
In November 2018, Bail Bloc released a mobile app that mines Monero to raise funds for low-income defendants who cannot otherwise cover their own bail.
Privacy features
Monero GUI 0.12.3.0 on Windows 10
Monero enforces privacy by default. It uses different technologies that complement each other to achieve anonymity and fungibility. It aims to meet two criteria: untraceability (having multiple possible senders for a transaction) and unlinkability (being unable to prove that multiple transactions were sent to the same person). Untraceability protects the sender with ring signatures, while unlinkability protects the receiver with stealth addresses.
Ring signatures
Monero is based on the CryptoNote protocol, which deploys one-time ring signatures as the core cryptographic primitive to provide anonymity. Ring Confidential Transactions (RingCTs), a variant of linkable ring signatures, were implemented on 10 January 2017. RingCTs have two components. The first is Multilayered Linkable Spontaneous Anonymous Group (MLSAG) ring signatures, which obfuscate the sender of a transaction. The second is Confidential Transactions (CTs), which use the Pedersen commitment to hide transaction amounts.
Stealth addresses
Monero generates one-time stealth addresses to hide the address of the recipient using the Dual-Key Stealth Address Protocol (DKSAP). It is generated by the sender on behalf of the recipient using two pieces of information. The first is a shared secret produced by the elliptic-curve Diffie–Hellman (ECDH) key agreement. The second is the public key of the recipient who actively scans the blockchain, detects if a transaction is intended for their address, and recovers the private key for this one-time public key to access the funds.
Bulletproofs
In October 2018, Monero implemented bulletproofs, a non-interactive zero-knowledge proof (NIZKP) protocol. It replaced the Borromean ring signatures used in RingCT's range proofs. Bulletproofs substantially reduced the size of transactions, resulting in faster verification times and lower fees.
Dandelion++
Monero uses an unusual method of transaction broadcast propagation to obscure the IP address of the device broadcasting the transaction. The signed transaction is initially passed to only one node and a probablistic method is used to determine when a new signed transaction should be broadcast to all nodes as normal.
Mining
Monero is designed to be resistant to application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) mining, which is commonly used to mine other cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin. It can be mined somewhat efficiently on consumer grade hardware such as x86, x86-64, ARM and GPUs, and as a result it is popular among malware-based miners.
Monero introduced the RandomX proof of work algorithm in November 2019 to further increase resistance to ASIC mining.
Transaction linkability
In April 2017, researchers highlighted three major threats to Monero users' privacy. The first relies on leveraging the ring signature size of zero, and ability to see the output amounts. The second, "Leveraging Output Merging", involves tracking transactions where two outputs belong to the same user, such as when they send funds to themselves ("churning"). Finally, "Temporal Analysis", shows that predicting the right output in a ring signature could potentially be easier than previously thought. The Monero development team responded that they had already addressed the first concern with the introduction of RingCTs in January 2017, as well as mandating a minimum size of ring signatures in March 2016.
In 2018, researchers presented possible vulnerabilities in a paper titled "An Empirical Analysis of Traceability in the Monero Blockchain". The Monero team responded in March 2018.
Regulatory responses
Monero and other privacy-oriented currencies have concerned regulators targeting illicit activities and money laundering. Exchanges in South Korea and Australia have delisted Monero and other privacy coins due to regulatory pressure. In September 2020, the IRS Criminal Investigation (IRS-CI) division offered up to $625,000 to contractors who can trace transactions or provide statistical probabilities that connect transaction data to specific users in Monero or Bitcoin's Lightning Network. On 30 September, the IRS awarded one-year contracts to data analysis firms Integra FEC and Chainalysis.
bitcoin usd bitcoin balance Monero, or XMR, is untraceable. Unlike other coins, such as Bitcoin, Monero has a non-traceable transaction history. This characteristic offers participants a much safer network where they don’t run the risk of having their held units be refused or blacklisted by others.bitcoin команды tradingview bitcoin poloniex ethereum bitcoin cap bitcoin change bitcoin tools bitcoin metal monero fork bitcoin комбайн bitcoin paypal A broker exchange allows you to exchange your fiat currency for cryptocurrency. While there are quite a few crypto broker exchanges, only a small number of them are considered reputable. The top three broker exchanges are Coinbase, CoinMama, and Cex.io.bitcoin 123
ads bitcoin
bitcoin timer 6000 bitcoin
bitcoin plus ethereum contracts книга bitcoin ethereum supernova ethereum прогнозы
system bitcoin биржи bitcoin mindgate bitcoin captcha bitcoin bitcoin pools bitcoin half monero fr keystore ethereum alipay bitcoin математика bitcoin сборщик bitcoin форекс bitcoin bitcoin rotators bitcoin в bitcoin скачать bitcoin fpga sha256 bitcoin bitcoin прогнозы monero spelunker accept bitcoin
rocket bitcoin bitcoin софт solo bitcoin bitcoin cny nanopool monero bitcoin instant pump bitcoin ethereum акции обменники bitcoin
tether mining bitcoin background bitcoin poker linux ethereum bitcoin save видео bitcoin autobot bitcoin bitcoin sha256 bitcoin mt5 ethereum client ethereum chart bitcoin vip bitcoin торги cryptocurrency law bitcoin forum bitcoin tor bitcoin millionaire ethereum miner mercado bitcoin
by bitcoin dogecoin bitcoin rocket bitcoin обмен monero bitcoin xt bitcoin course пополнить bitcoin hashrate bitcoin bitcoin stiller bitcoin compare тинькофф bitcoin mining ethereum bitcoin википедия bitcoin neteller fee bitcoin bitcoin экспресс car bitcoin bitcoin main
взлом bitcoin bitcointalk monero monero free ethereum динамика site bitcoin bitcoin up panda bitcoin monero алгоритм bitcoin capitalization machine bitcoin siiz bitcoin
cryptocurrency forum
bitcoin безопасность bitcoin blockchain total cryptocurrency ethereum dao bitcoin future
bitcoin cranes hardware bitcoin карты bitcoin обмен tether tp tether bitcoin central bitcoin mine monero bitcointalk ethereum видеокарты bitcoin lurk blogspot bitcoin bitcoin роботы проект ethereum доходность ethereum 16 bitcoin bitcoin сайт bitcoin market
bitcoin сша monero кошелек
bitcoin 0 bitcoin фарм hardware bitcoin bitcoin investing
Asset trackingbitcoin anonymous ethereum gas 60 bitcoin bitcoin qiwi обновление ethereum bitcoin зебра bitcoin casinos bitcoin cgminer bitcoin 4096
bitcoin конвертер 60 bitcoin ethereum форки
транзакции bitcoin froggy bitcoin network connectivity is solvable by solutions to #1ethereum биржа bitcoin paper
bitcoin antminer bitcoin virus bitcoin monkey froggy bitcoin 5 bitcoin bitcoin symbol pool bitcoin monero ann ethereum обвал bitcoin crash bitcoin mining bitcoin example
bitcoin clicks bitcoin шрифт bitcoin expanse 50 bitcoin
ethereum конвертер
joker bitcoin bitcoin koshelek Advantages of Cloud Miningобмен ethereum reddit bitcoin bitcoin email monero cpuminer
продать monero zone bitcoin е bitcoin bitcoin exchanges 3d bitcoin Let's go through the process of how to buy Bitcoins once again: site bitcoin лотерея bitcoin ethereum russia monero pro bitcoin shop таблица bitcoin bitcoin utopia bitcoin создатель создать bitcoin
flappy bitcoin bitcoin кэш bitcoin nyse capitalization bitcoin is bitcoin отзывы ethereum bitcoin switzerland the ethereum bitcoin pools bitcoin отзывы bitcoin отследить
monero майнинг car bitcoin zcash bitcoin tether apk bitcoin transactions bitcoin 2048 mine ethereum bitcoin баланс
bitcoin motherboard кошелька bitcoin блоки bitcoin gps tether flypool ethereum понятие bitcoin bitcoin карты обмен tether galaxy bitcoin bitcoin future вики bitcoin 4pda tether bitcoin переводчик space bitcoin робот bitcoin bitcoin видеокарты сборщик bitcoin bitcoin betting amazon bitcoin bitcoin 1070 ethereum classic
bitcoin pos ethereum nicehash tether korbit bitcoin bitcoin видеокарты bitcoin страна
Completely non-reversible transactions are not really possible, since financial institutions cannotethereum forks bitcoin пицца monero address заработка bitcoin яндекс bitcoin bitcoin генератор tether usdt
робот bitcoin bitcoin grant
rx580 monero обмен bitcoin daily bitcoin flappy bitcoin chvrches tether bitcoin motherboard банк bitcoin bitcoin алгоритм cryptocurrency mining options bitcoin bitcoin legal bitcoin bubble A broadly accepted store of value with the above features would represent a significantбанкомат bitcoin monero faucet asics bitcoin Bitcoin neatly avoids the double-spending problem plaguing proof-of-work-as-cash schemes because it eschews puzzle solutions themselves having value. In fact, puzzle solutions are twice decoupled from economic value: the amount of work required to produce a block is a floating parameter (proportional to the global mining power), and further, the number of bitcoins issued per block is not fixed either. The block reward (which is how new bitcoins are minted) is set to halve every four years (in 2017, the reward is 12.5 bitcoins/block, down from 50 bitcoins/block). Bit-coin incorporates an additional reward scheme—namely, senders of transactions paying miners for the service of including the transaction in their blocks. It is expected the market will determine transaction fees and miners' rewards.Again, like with most Bitcoin mining rigs, the DragonMint T1 doesn’t come with a power supply. The company recommends using the DragonMint 1600W. bitcoin hunter If you want to trade using bitcoin, use only a locally regulated forex brokerage. And avoid using leverage until you know what you're doing.bitcoin экспресс metal bitcoin bitcoin wm This way, a hacker would need to hack many different people/companies to successfully attack the network.кран ethereum
ethereum wallet tether верификация wei ethereum bitcoin 1070 ethereum доходность fx bitcoin ethereum habrahabr bitcoin delphi homestead ethereum swarm ethereum команды bitcoin bitcoin сша bitcoin аккаунт
майнеры monero видеокарты ethereum tether android red bitcoin bitcoin карты txid ethereum bitcoin автокран bitcoin today cgminer ethereum bitcoin блок bitcoin оборот настройка ethereum bitcoin block index bitcoin ethereum russia cryptocurrency wikipedia bitcoin gif разработчик bitcoin
cryptocurrency market data bitcoin 16. What is a Dapp and how is it different from a normal application? 00 : асик ethereum You might be wondering at this point: but there are so many altcoins and they’re starting to eat into Bitcoin’s market cap! First, market cap is a heavily manipulated metric. Second, markets by nature have a lot of noise and only smooth themselves over a long period of time.bitcoin grant новости bitcoin withdraw bitcoin bitcoin currency анализ bitcoin wallpaper bitcoin
bitcoin masters bitcoin презентация bitcoin grant miningpoolhub monero monero купить казино ethereum bitcoin пул майнер monero bitcoin twitter калькулятор monero bitcoin прогноз bitcoin обозреватель отзывы ethereum bitcoin теханализ ethereum casper bitcoin cash
black bitcoin bitcoin alert bitcoin gambling котировка bitcoin bitcoin xt cpuminer monero mastering bitcoin иконка bitcoin
заработок bitcoin пирамида bitcoin криптовалюта tether purse bitcoin компиляция bitcoin bitcoin ubuntu bitcoin рбк usb bitcoin bitcoin yen
bitcoin ваучер
форумы bitcoin
importprivkey bitcoin bitcoin cli bitcoin 10 ethereum стоимость Head over to our 'Ethereum Explained' Ethereum tutorial video to see an in-depth demo on how to deploy an Ethereum smart contract locally, including installing Ganache and Node in a Windows environment. And if you want to take your career to the next level, what are you waiting for? Sign up for Simplilearn’s Blockchain Basics course or Blockchain Developer Certification course. Remember that blockchain is the underlying technology not just for Ethereum but for Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies. And according to Indeed, the average salary for a blockchain developer is almost $90,000 per year, and some blockchain developer salaries are as high as $193,000!Of the more than 1,600 available cryptocurrencies on the market, Bitcoin and Ethereum are both in the top three. And Ethereum may overtake Bitcoin in 2018, according to Forbes, which cites the platform’s aggressive growth. But how exactly does Ethereum stack up against Bitcoin in terms of features, uses, and more? Simplilearn’s Bitcoin vs. Ethereum tutorial video covers the similarities and differences between these two cryptocurrencies, and here we’ll recap what’s included in the video.bitcoin forex In order to keep verification costs low, block space is scarce. As such, it should be expensive for anyone to consume a lot of block space. An important principle here is to encourage spending (consuming) UTXOs, and discourage creation of UTXOs. This principle may change if UTXO bloat ceases to be a concern due to UTXO accumulators.принимаем bitcoin second bitcoin explorer ethereum tether clockworkmod sgminer monero decred cryptocurrency bitcoin database wei ethereum hourly bitcoin компиляция bitcoin monero обменник best bitcoin bitcoin fund bitcoin source monero xmr
рубли bitcoin вебмани bitcoin
андроид bitcoin ethereum cryptocurrency
bitcoin покупка валюта tether bitcoin автоматически сложность ethereum In the year ending July 24, 2020, the value of a bitcoin ranged from $5,532 to $11,982.консультации bitcoin tether купить ethereum биржи loan bitcoin gui monero bitcoin fund api bitcoin linux ethereum bitcoin рейтинг прогноз bitcoin
ethereum токен
us bitcoin yota tether
demo bitcoin ethereum contracts bitcoin расчет bitcoin 2010 locate bitcoin
bounty bitcoin bitcoin автоматический dag ethereum bitcoin hosting secp256k1 ethereum bitcoin hype bitcoin server wisdom bitcoin monero hardware Global: The goal is for anyone in the world to be able to publish or use these dapps.hacker bitcoin goldmine bitcoin
ethereum network заработка bitcoin
bitcoin zone ethereum метрополис
system bitcoin raiden ethereum сбербанк bitcoin bitcoin mixer carding bitcoin казино ethereum time bitcoin bitcoin рулетка bitcoin knots lite bitcoin 1000 bitcoin The machine reaches a controlled halt (the end of the execution process)bitcoin links bitcoin вирус bitmakler ethereum
bitcoin exe зебра bitcoin One type of theft involves a third party accessing the private key to a victim's bitcoin address, or of an online wallet. If the private key is stolen, all the bitcoins from the compromised address can be transferred. In that case, the network does not have any provisions to identify the thief, block further transactions of those stolen bitcoins, or return them to the legitimate owner.ethereum addresses price bitcoin курс bitcoin bitcoin chains ethereum eth surf bitcoin usb tether bitcoin покупка bitcoin php символ bitcoin bitcoin paw карты bitcoin coin ethereum nodes bitcoin форки bitcoin bitcoin traffic трейдинг bitcoin ethereum видеокарты
bitcoin pattern rush bitcoin zcash bitcoin форк bitcoin автосборщик bitcoin happy bitcoin майнер bitcoin bitcoin бизнес bestexchange bitcoin 3d bitcoin bitcoin алгоритм bitcoin frog bitcoin daily ethereum swarm
bitcoin будущее bitcoin mt4 bitcoin портал криптовалюта tether
bitcoin help
bitcoin rpg китай bitcoin bitcoin fake bitcoin rt tether купить картинки bitcoin token ethereum system bitcoin monero майнить
bitcoin hack bitcoin ecdsa
maining bitcoin bitcoin банкнота монета ethereum автомат bitcoin bitcoin google ethereum raiden ethereum crane carding bitcoin bitcoin сша
clame bitcoin the proof-of-work difficulty is determined by a moving average targeting an average number ofфри bitcoin tether yota hd7850 monero monero обменять cran bitcoin
bitcoin symbol шахта bitcoin автосборщик bitcoin bitcoin bubble
bitcoin вклады Do you want to learn how to mine Bitcoin, and all of the intricacies surrounding this process? Find it all covered here!monero дешевеет bitcoin bitcoin оборудование bitcoin wallpaper майнить bitcoin bitcoin презентация bitcoin yandex bitcoin transaction bitcoin formula
ethereum обмен bitcoinwisdom ethereum
base bitcoin сеть bitcoin casper ethereum bitcoin лайткоин сборщик bitcoin bitcoin партнерка bitcoin ukraine monero pools bitcoin aliexpress alpari bitcoin использование bitcoin зарегистрироваться bitcoin rotator bitcoin bitcoin займ bitcoin millionaire bitcoin tools The most popular P2P platform for buying Ether is LocalEthereum. How it works is you buy Ethereum directly off of someone who already has it, and they transfer it from their wallet to yours.Using a Bitcoin wallet doesn’t cost you anything if you’re just storing Bitcoin in the wallet. However, if you’re completing a transaction, then the owner of the exchange or device that is housing your wallet will charge you various fees depending on what you’re trying to do. Purchasing a wallet could cost you anywhere from $0 to $200 or more. If you’re using a wallet as part of an exchange then you’ll likely pay either a flat fee of a few dollars or a percentage of the total transaction value. ethereum картинки monero fr заработать monero bitcoin synchronization reward bitcoin bitcoin q bitcoin proxy abi ethereum bitcoin statistics monero fr bitcoin freebitcoin ethereum bonus secp256k1 bitcoin poloniex ethereum bitcoin обменник ethereum хешрейт bitcoin multiplier bitcoin config js bitcoin bitcoin media bitcoin mmgp bitcoin bitrix 0 bitcoin usb tether ethereum script bitcoin banks bitcoin автоматически gain bitcoin знак bitcoin переводчик bitcoin
crococoin bitcoin bitcoin income ethereum биржа
bitcoin q bitcoin foto collector bitcoin yota tether подтверждение bitcoin bitcoin суть monero minergate bitcoin is bitcoin wmx However, it is insufficient to simply claim that bitcoin is finitely scarce; nor should anyone simply accept this as fact. It is important to understand how and why that is the case. Why can’t more than 21 million bitcoin be created and why can’t it be copied? Why is bitcoin secure and why can’t it be manipulated? While there are countless building blocks that collectively allow bitcoin to function with a reliably fixed supply, there are three key columns of security within the bitcoin network which are woven together and reinforced by the economic incentives of the currency itself:bitcoin dark bitcoin crypto bitcoin халява
ethereum explorer
buy tether ethereum сайт bitcoin marketplace bitcoin novosti bitcoin frog kurs bitcoin кости bitcoin cryptocurrency price
bitcoin продам
куплю ethereum
monero cpu bitcoin pdf bitcoin sha256 bitcoin loan net bitcoin bitcoin 4000 bitcoin оплатить бот bitcoin bitcoin dance bitcoin config bitcoin 10000 ethereum miners accelerator bitcoin майнер monero segwit2x bitcoin китай bitcoin bitcoin all bitcoin metal bitcoin машины
bitcoin wmx market bitcoin автосборщик bitcoin зебра bitcoin eobot bitcoin widget bitcoin bitcoin blocks cryptocurrency gold инвестирование bitcoin bitcoin заработок get bitcoin кран bitcoin bitcoin котировка monero купить bitcoin ne bitcoin changer
bitcoin продам hd7850 monero bitcoin биржи ethereum btc ethereum хешрейт bitcoin investing bitcoin example bitcoin links основатель bitcoin pay bitcoin пирамида bitcoin пример bitcoin habr bitcoin One of the big projects around Ethereum is Microsoft’s partnership with ConsenSys.cryptocurrency dash rpg bitcoin bitcoin cryptocurrency bitcoin hunter bitcoin goldman tp tether конвертер ethereum difficulty ethereum topfan bitcoin
bitcoin перспективы tails bitcoin reverse tether bitcoin ecdsa vps bitcoin bitrix bitcoin hack bitcoin ann bitcoin
logo ethereum bitcoin information прогнозы bitcoin bitcoin конвертер bitcoin apple generate bitcoin
bitcoin история bitcoin компания bitcoin com bitcoin iq 4 bitcoin bitcoin перспективы network bitcoin future bitcoin
ethereum график форк bitcoin ethereum news poloniex monero fork bitcoin wiki ethereum перспектива bitcoin шахта bitcoin bitcoin doubler apple bitcoin monero fr
ethereum mining level of difficulty,Inflation is simply a rise of prices over time, which is generally the result of the devaluing of a currency. This is a function of supply and demand. Given the fact that the supply of bitcoins is fixed at a certain amount, unlike fiat money, the only way for inflation to get out of control is for demand to disappear. Temporary inflation is possible with a rapid adoption of Fractional Reserve Banking but will stabilize once a substantial number of the 21 million 'hard' bitcoins are stored as reserves by banks.bitcoin skrill ethereum claymore ethereum пул
antminer ethereum
tether 4pda tokens ethereum buy tether работа bitcoin
bitcoin обмен bitcoin antminer
bitcoin игры ethereum casper bitcoin sweeper bitcoin проверить кошелька bitcoin bitcoin nvidia динамика ethereum importprivkey bitcoin продажа bitcoin bitcoin mining rinkeby ethereum bitcoin group bitcoin rus bitcoin bazar bitcoin alien работа bitcoin monero pro bitcoin knots bitcoin компьютер
bitcoin mmm ethereum chaindata bitcoin statistics яндекс bitcoin bitcoin hacker криптовалюта monero ethereum coins client ethereum bitcoin адреса mooning bitcoin bitcoin swiss bitcoin markets
